The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai developed the PDP methodology over years of clinical research, with technical input from the FDA. They found that real-world patient tumours are made resistant to single drug treatments by mutations in several genes, including genes not previously associated with cancer. Such resistant tumours can, however, be effectively addressed with novel combinations of FDA approved drugs. The most effective combinations almost always include non-cancer drugs. The PDP methods are licensed exclusively to My Personal Therapeutics.